不動産を貸しているときの税金(個人)

コラム

資産活用、不動産投資などで個人が不動産を賃貸していると、不動産所得として、国税である所得税、地方税である住民税がかかります。
また、一定規模以上の不動産を賃貸し、所得が一定額以上となると事業税がかかってきます。

不動産所得に対する所得税及び住民税

所得税では、所得を原則として10首里に分けて計算しますが、不動産の貸付による所得は不動産所得として分類されます。
具体的には、地代、家賃、権利金、礼金、返還不要の敷金や保証金、更新料、名義書替料などが対象となります。

不動産所得の計算方法

不動産所得の計算は、以下のように計算します。

総収入額-必要経費=不動産所得の金額

総収入金額は、上記のような地代、家賃などの収入が対象となり、
必要経費には固定資産税、保険料、建物等の減価償却費、借入金の利子、修繕費などがあります。

なお、青色申告をしている人には、青色申告告別控除があり、以下のような計算式になります。

総収入額-必要経費-青色申告特別控除=不動産所得の金額

青色申告特別控除は正規の簿記の原則により記帳している場合は65万円。
その他の場合は10万円が認められています。

所得税および住民税の申告と納税

所得税はご存知のように毎年3月15日までに確定申告書を提出し、同日までに納付します。

また延納の手続きをとって同日までに2分の1以上の金額を納付して、残額を5月31日までに納付することもできますが、延納期間中の利子税がかかります。
ちなみに、所得税の申告書には、住民税に関する記載もするようになっているので、所得税の申告をした人は、住民税の申告をする必要はありません。

住民税の納期は6月、8月、10月、および翌年の1月の4回で、市区町村から送られてくる納税通知書によって納付します。

不動産事業税の課税範囲

事業税は、都道府県に事務所または事業所を設けて事業を行う法人または個人に課税されるものです。
ここでは、特に個人の賃貸業に係わる事業税について説明します。

事業税の課税対象は

個人の事業税は、第一種事業、第二種事業、第三種事業として限定列挙されてる事業についてのみ課税対象とされています。
不動産関係では、第一種事業に、不動産貸付業、駐車場行、不動産売買業などが列挙業種とされています。

不動産貸付業と駐車場業については、課税対象とされる基準が設けられており、
以下のような貸付が課税の対象となります。

不動産貸付業と駐車場業の課税範囲

個人の事業税の計算は

個人の事業税は前年の総収入金額から必要経費を差引いてから事業主控除、290万円を引いて計算します。
ちなみに、所得税の青色申告特別控除は、事業税ではありません。

(総収入額-必要経費-事業主控除)×税率=税額

総収入金額及び必要経費は、所得税の不動産所得の計算に準じて計算されます。また、税率は、標準が100分の5となります。

個人の事業税の申告と納税は

所得税の申告書に事業税に関する記載をするようになっていますので、所得税の申告をした人は、事業税の申告は必要ありません。

納付は通常、8月と11月の年2回で、都道府県税事務所からくる納税通知書によって納付します。

ご相談は無料です。

マンション、土地、一戸建の居住用不動産のほか、投資用不動産や、事業用不動産もお任せください。また、権利関係の難しい借地権や底地権などの不動産についてもお気軽にご相談ください。

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